Recent advances in synthesis, characterization and energy storage performance of bio-engineered activated carbon for supercapacitors
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
2 Ningbo Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China.
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ministry of Works Ogun State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, North Carolina, USA.
5 Faculty of Engineering, School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing China.
6 Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lead City University, Oyo State, Nigeria
7 Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania, USA.
8 Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, AL, USA
9 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, USA.
10 Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Review
Open Access Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2025, 08(01), 017-031
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjet.2025.8.1.0022
Publication history:
Received on 17 December 2024; revised on 31 January 2025; accepted on 02 February 2025
Abstract:
With the growing demand for sustainable, high-performance energy storage solutions, research into bio-engineered activated carbon as an affordable and environmentally friendly supercapacitor electrode material has gained momentum. This review critically examines recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and energy storage capabilities of bio-derived activated carbon. Advanced characterization techniques have provided valuable insights into the structural, chemical, and morphological properties of these materials. The review emphasizes the role of micro/mesoporous structures and surface functionalities in enhancing specific capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability. However, challenges such as scalability, consistency, and conductivity remain. Emerging strategies to address these issues, including material functionalization, hybrid electrode systems, and sustainable production methods, are explored. The review also discusses the future potential of bio-engineered activated carbon in next-generation energy storage devices, particularly flexible and wearable supercapacitors, highlighting its transformative role in advancing sustainable energy technologies.
Keywords:
Bio-Engineered Activated Carbon; Supercapacitors; Biomass- Derived Materials; Energy Storage; Sustainable Electrode
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