Species Diversity and Community Composition of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Muhammad Sabki Urban Forest Park, Jambi City
Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jambi University, Jl. Raya Jambi-Ma, Bulian, KM 15, Mendalo Darat, Jambi, Indonesia.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2025, 10(02), 036-042
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjms.2025.10.2.0048
Publication history:
Received on 14 September 2025; revised on 22 October 2025; accepted on 25 October 2025
Abstract:
Muhammad Sabki Urban Forest Park is an urban green area divided into three utilization zones: high, medium, and low. Variations in land-use intensity among these zones may influence habitat conditions and the diversity of organisms, including ant communities. This study aimed to identify ant species, analyze diversity, evenness, and dominance indices, and describe the level of ant diversity (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Muhammad Sabki Urban Forest Park. The research was conducted from April to July 2025, covering field sampling and data analysis at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Science and Technology, Jambi University. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling method in two zones medium and low utilization areas. Ants were collected using pitfall traps, bait traps, and active sampling with a Berlese-Tullgren funnel. The results revealed four subfamilies comprising 21 species with a total of 3,819 individuals. The species diversity index (H’) was 1.87, indicating a moderate level of diversity; the evenness index (E) was 0.61, classified as high; and the dominance index (D) was 0.25, categorized as low. The ant community in Muhammad Sabki Urban Forest Park was relatively stable and dominated by the subfamily Formicinae, particularly Formica gagates. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that air humidity and soil temperature were the most significant environmental factors influencing ant diversity. Overall, environmental conditions in Muhammad Sabki Urban Forest Park were within the optimal range for ant activity and reproduction in tropical regions.
Keywords:
Ant Diversity; Formicidae; Muhammad Sabki Urban Forest Park; Urban Ecology; Jambi
Full text article in PDF:
Copyright information:
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0