Investigation of the Families Hactilidae and Metiliidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespoidea)
Department of Biological Science, Instituto Federal Goiano, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2023, 05(02), 058–108.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjms.2023.5.2.0026
Publication history:
Received on 07 May 2023; revised on 14 June 2023; accepted on 17 June 2023
Abstract:
Most Halictinae are solitary and build their nest on the ground. The group is classically seen as a generalist, with bees specializing in pollen only in the Rophitini. Variations in life fears are common and encompass much of the variation we see in bees as a whole. Kleptoparasitism arose in four tribes, with Sphecodini being exclusively parasitic. Social behavior appears in Augochlorini and especially in Halictini. The crops that were cited as being pollinated by bees belonging to this family are bell pepper, tomato, cotton, plant, strawberry, camu-camu and acapu. The ecological status of Hactilidae populations is poorly understood. They can also fall prey to parasitoids or predators; for example, their nymphs may be eaten by firecracker larvae. The Metiliidae family are solitary and dig their nests in the ground, with the other characteristics that we previously presented for solitary bees. It is a small family, with few species, and they only inhabit the northern hemisphere of the planet and Africa. They are only daytime. Ectoparasitoids of larvae or pupa of other insects. Among the more than 16 thousand species of bees described and known in the world, there are about 330 species that collect oil in flowers and use this resource to feed the larvae and coat the brood cells. The objective of this paper is to know the characteristics of the families Hactilidae and Metiliidae. In terms of the type of research source, we worked with scientific articles published in national and international journals. This modality of production, in addition to being commonly the most valued in the set of bibliographic production, is the most easily accessed. Access to articles was through virtual libraries such as SciELO, ResearchGate, Hall, USP, UNB, CAPES and LILACS.
Keywords:
Bee; Kleptoparasitism; Ectoparasitoid; Predator; Solitary
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Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0