The starter growth performance of Indonesian local ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) fed the ration containing different levels of tofu waste product flour

 Wapsiaty Utiah, Linda M.S. Tangkau and Umar Paputungan *

 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia.
 
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Life Sciences, 2024, 08(02), 017–026.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2024.8.2.0032
Publication history: 
Received on 31 August 2024; revised on 14 October 2024; accepted on 16 October 2024
 
Abstract: 
The high price of feed ingredients for rations are one of the factors considered in raising ducks.  The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of adding cheap tofu waste product (TWP) flour to reduce expensive corn and concentrate ingredients on feed consumption, live weight and feed conversion of starter phase ducks aged 1-8 weeks. The 64 female day-old ducks (DOD) were involved using completely randomized design, allocated into 4 treatments with 8 replications where each replication consisted of 2 birds in a cage. The treatments were feeds of R0 (without TWP, 0%), R1 (with 15% TWP), R2 (with 30% TWP), and R3 (with 45% TWP) in ration. Results showed that the use of large amounts of TWP in R3 caused a decrease in feed consumption of around 4.20 percent, likely caused by the bulky nature of TWP due to their high fiber content. In addition, the percentage of TWP flour addition of 45% showed a lower live weight compared to other treatments. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of starter growth phase ducks consuming feed ration with composition started from a FCR of 2.3522 - 2.4484 in week-1 tending to decrease until in week-3 reaching a value of 1.8574 - 1.9711 indicating increase efficiency in the use of rations by each duck. However, this tendency began to increase until it reached a value of 3.0955 - 3.0862 in week-8. These values ​​indicated the increase in the cumulative amount of feed consumption of starter phase of ducks at the ages of 2 weeks up to 4 weeks tending faster than the increase in cumulative body weight (lower FCR) compared with FCR from the ages of 5 weeks up to 8 weeks, resulting in a higher FCR.

 

Keywords: 
Anas platyrhynchos domesticus duck; Live weight gain; Tofu waste feed ingredient
 
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