The potential of chitosan nanoparticle as delivery system for HBcAg gene expression with pEGFP-N1 on HeLa cells
1 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Diponegoro, Semarang 50275, Indonesia.
2 Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
4 Midwifery Study Program, INKES Yarsi Mataram, Mataram, 83361, Indonesia.
5 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin 70123, Indonesia.
6 Master Program of Biotechnology, The Graduate School, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Life Sciences, 2026, 11(02), 001-009.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2026.11.2.0034
Publication history:
Received on 21 February 2026; revised on 28 March 2026; accepted on 31 March 2026
Abstract:
Hepatitis B (HB) is a contagious infectious disease that requires special attention in developing countries, including Indonesia. Morbidity and mortality due to complications caused by chronic HB infection are quite significant, which can progress to hepatic cirrhosis and carcinoma. Vaccination is considered to have good effectiveness and efficiency to prevent the burden of this disease, so it is necessary to develop a vaccine. One of the methods is the recombinant DNA technology approach through transformation of Escherichia coli DH5α bacteria and nanoparticle delivery agents into target cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of chitosan nanoparticles as a delivery system for HBcAg VHB gene expression using pEGFP-N1 in HeLa cells as eukaryotic host cells. The methods in this study were recultured transformant bacteria from previous studies, isolation of recombinant DNA plasmids, plasmids restrictions, plasmid PCR, sequencing, transfection of HeLa cell culture and fluorescence observation of EGFP-HBcAg protein. Based on the PCR results, the transformant bacteria E. coli DH5α managed to carry pEGFP-N1-HBcAg plasmids. The restriction plasmid showed the formation of two bands. The results of transfection of HeLa cell culture showed that there was a green glow (fluorescent) in the treatment using the chitosan nanoparticle delivery agent. The conclusion is that chitosan can be used as a candidate for delivery agents in HB DNA vaccines using pEGFP-N1 vectors.
Keywords:
Chitosan; HeLa; Hepatitis; pEGFP-N1; Vaccine
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