Family Braconidae as a parasitoid of insect pests for the world fruit industry
Instituto Federal Goiano, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Review
Open Access Research Journal of Life Sciences, 2022, 03(02), 013–034.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjls.2022.3.2.0040
Publication history:
Received on 08 April 2022; revised on 14 May 2022; accepted on 16 May 2022
Abstract:
The Braconidae Family are wasps mainly of parasitic habits. Members of the Mesostoinae are not parasitic but rather form galls on plants. In many species polyembryony occurs: an egg multiplies clonally producing many individuals. The larva develops on or inside the body of its host, mainly other insects with complete metamorphosis (holometabolous) and some with simple metamorphosis (hemimetabolous). The family has two major lineages: the cyclostomes and the non-cyclostomes, this condition is related to the shape of the clypeus. According to biology, two groups can be found: idiobionts and koinobionts (cenobionts). The aim of this study is to describe the phenology of the Braconidae Family (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). In its conceptual and taxonomic aspect. To this end, a bibliographic survey of Braconidae was carried out in the years 1989 to 2021. Only complete articles published in scientific journals and expanded abstracts presented at national and international scientific events. Data were also obtained from platforms such as: Academia.edu, Frontiers, Qeios, Pubmed, Biological Abstract, Publons, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science and ERIC.
Keywords:
Polydnaviruses; Mutualistic; Koinobiont; Cenobiont; Scielo
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Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0