Evaluation of the impact of waste egg shell powder on the workability and stability characteristics of cement mortar
Department of Civil Engineering, faculty of Engineering, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2026, 10(01), 042-046.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjet.2026.10.1.0021
Publication history:
Received on 29 January 2026; revised on 09 March 2026; accepted on 10 March 2026
Abstract:
The disposal of eggshell waste poses significant environmental challenges. Concurrently, the high carbon footprint of cement production drives the search for sustainable alternative materials. This study investigates the feasibility of using incinerated eggshell powder (WEP) as a partial replacement for cement by examining its effect on key physical properties: fineness consistency, setting time, and soundness. Cement was replaced with WEP at ratios of 0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0% by weight. The fineness test result of cement and WEP showed 3.5% and WEP 3.7% respectively which is within the recommended limit. The resulting blends were tested for standard consistency (water demand), setting time, and soundness. The results revealed a consistent trend with increasing WEP content. Water demand for standard consistency decreased from 34.4% to 30.1%, indicating improved workability. However, the initial setting time was significantly prolonged from 12.4 minutes to 20.6 minutes. The soundness increase from 1,65mm to 5.40mm as WEP increased from 0 to 10%. From the findings, Waste Eggshell Powder can be considered a sustainable option for partially replacing cement.
Keywords:
Waste Eggshell; Cement; Soundness; Setting time; Consistency
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Copyright © 2026 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0