Thermodynamic property calculations for phase equilibria in natural gas liquefaction and regasification systems
Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal University, Otuoke Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Review
Open Access Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2025, 08(02), 001-022.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjet.2025.8.2.0038
Publication history:
Received on 28 February 2025; revised on 21 April 2025; accepted on 23 April 2025
Abstract:
Precise calculations of thermodynamic properties are essential for enhancing the efficiency of natural gas liquefaction and regasification processes. These calculations play a vital role in understanding phase equilibria, which is critical for ensuring optimal performance in both the liquefaction of natural gas, transforming it into a liquid state for easier storage and transport and the regasification process, which converts it back into a gaseous state for use. By accurately determining properties such as temperature, pressure, and chemical potential, engineers can design more effective systems that maximize energy efficiency and reduce operational costs, ultimately leading to improved overall performance in natural gas processing. This study aims to improve predictive accuracy by utilizing a set of 16 fundamental equations that describe the behavior of real gases. These equations take into account various factors such as pressure, temperature, and volume, allowing for a more precise representation of gas behavior under different conditions. By employing these established equations, the study enhances the reliability of predictions related to gas dynamics, making it possible to achieve more accurate modeling in practical applications and scientific research. The analysis focuses on the variations from optimal conditions in high-pressure cryogenic environments. It employs a range of theoretical tools, including virial coefficients to understand interactions among particles, as well as Helmholtz and Gibbs energies to assess the system's thermodynamic stability and equilibrium. Furthermore, the study integrates correlations of heat capacity to evaluate the thermal properties and behavior of materials under extreme conditions. The study further enhances the understanding of LNG pipeline flow modeling by incorporating detailed calculations of both the speed of sound and the bulk modulus. This integration allows for more accurate simulations of flow dynamics, enabling better design and optimization of pipeline systems to ensure safety and efficiency during transport. The research focuses on enhancing phase equilibrium modeling, essential in optimizing energy consumption within liquefied natural gas (LNG) processes. The study aims to minimize energy losses during the production and transportation of LNG. Furthermore, this approach improves the design of LNG processes by increasing its overall efficiency, contributing to more sustainable practices in the industry.
Keywords:
Thermodynamic Properties; Phase Equilibria; LNG Liquefaction; Regasification
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